Sport bikes have comparatively high performance engines supported within a lightweight frame.
Sport bikes are road bikes which emphasize top speed, acceleration, braking, handling and grip, typically at the expense of comfort and fuel economy in comparison to other motorcycle types. Cruisers have limited cornering ability due to a lack of ground clearance. At low to moderate speeds, cruisers are more comfortable than other styles, but riding for long periods at freeway speeds can lead to fatigue from pulling back on the handlebars to resist the force of the wind against the rider's chest. The riding position places the feet forward and the hands are up relatively high, so that the spine is erect or leaning back slightly. Their engines are tuned for low-end torque, making them less demanding to ride because it is not necessary to shift as frequently to accelerate or maintain control. Harley-Davidsons largely define the cruiser category, and large- displacement V-twin engines are the norm, although other engine configurations and small to medium displacements also exist.
Harley-Davidson cruisers and a touring bike (red)Ĭruisers are styled after American machines from the 1930s to the early 1960s, such as those made by Harley-Davidson, Indian, and Excelsior-Henderson. Roadster is equivalent to standard or naked. Muscle bike is a nickname for a motorcycle type, derived from either a standard or sport bike design, that puts a disproportionately high priority on engine power. Standards are known and admired for their simplicity, quality, and versatility. This marks a return to the essence of older motorcycles before the rise of different styles, and is exemplified by the Universal Japanese Motorcycle. The standard has seen a resurgence since the turn of the century, with "modern classic" motorcycles from Triumph, Ducati, Honda, Kawasaki and others. Standard is often a synonym for naked, a term that was originally used in reference to 1950s road racing bikes. Standards usually do not come with fairings or windscreens, or if they have them, they are relatively small. Because of their flexibility, lower costs, and moderate engine output, standards are particularly suited to motorcycle beginners. Footpegs are below the rider and handlebars are high enough to not force the rider to reach too far forward, placing the shoulders above the hips in a natural position. They are recognized primarily by their upright riding position, partway between the reclining rider posture of the cruisers and the forward leaning sport bikes. Standards, also called naked bikes or roadsters, are versatile, general-purpose street motorcycles. Some experts do not recognize sub-types, like naked bike, that "purport to be classified" outside the six usual classes, because they fit within one of the main types and are recognizable only by cosmetic changes.
There are also informal classifications or nicknames used by manufacturers, riders, and the motorcycling media.
There are strict classification systems enforced by competitive motorcycle sport sanctioning bodies, or legal definitions of a motorcycle established by certain legal jurisdictions for motorcycle registration, emissions, road traffic safety rules or motorcyclist licensing. There is no universal system for classifying all types of motorcycles. Strong lines are sometimes drawn between motorcycles and their smaller cousins, mopeds, scooters, and underbones, but other classification schemes include these as types of motorcycles. Sometimes sport touring motorcycles are recognized as a seventh category. Six main categories are widely recognized: cruiser, sport, touring, standard, dual-purpose, and dirt bike. There are many systems for classifying types of motorcycles, describing how the motorcycles are put to use, or the designer's intent, or some combination of the two. Sport bikes, cruisers, scooters, and touring bikes are some of the many types of motorcycles.
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